What is AWS Elastic Load Balancing?

AWS Elastic Load Balancing (ELB) automatically distributes incoming application traffic across multiple targets such as EC2 instances, containers, IP addresses, and Lambda functions. It offers three types of load balancers: Application Load Balancer (ALB) for HTTP/HTTPS traffic with advanced routing, Network Load Balancer (NLB) for TCP/UDP traffic requiring ultra-low latency, and Classic Load Balancer for basic load balancing. ELB provides health checks to route traffic only to healthy targets, supports SSL/TLS termination, and integrates with Auto Scaling. It offers high availability across multiple Availability Zones and can handle varying traffic patterns.