How do you reduce AWS costs in a cloud environment? What are your go-to strategies?
Cloud cost optimization is an ongoing practice. High-impact strategies:
- Right-sizing: Use AWS Cost Explorer and Compute Optimizer to identify oversized EC2 instances.
- Reserved Instances/Savings Plans: Commit to 1-3 years for stable workloads — saves up to 72%.
- Spot Instances: Use for stateless, fault-tolerant, or batch workloads. Up to 90% savings.
- S3 Lifecycle policies: Auto-transition to cheaper storage tiers.
- Delete idle resources: Audit unused EIPs, old snapshots, unattached EBS volumes.
- Auto Scaling: Scale down to zero or minimum outside business hours.